Apolipoprotein B

Apolipoprotein B (APO B) has been reported to be a powerful indicator of coronary artery disease (CAD). In some patients with CAD, APO B is elevated even in the presence of normal LDL cholesterol.

Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) is a protein considered to be very significant indicator of coronary disease and atherosclerosis. It is synthesized in human tissues (such as small intestine and liver), as an important component of lipoproteins, particles that transport fats (such as cholesterol and triglycerides) through our blood system. Apo B is localized on their surface and represents a peace that enables lipids to enter the cell because it is compatible with the LDL receptor on plasma membrane of the cell (which is actually an Apo B receptor). It is considered that Apo B is more significant indicator of cardiovascular disease than LDL or total cholesterol level, because it is known nowadays that increased number of LDL particles is more dangerous than increased quantity of cholesterol in each particle, and every lipoprotein consists of only one Apo B. Person is in high risk of CVD if Apo B level is elevated, even if LDL level is normal. Normal range for Apo B is 40-125mg/dL. In low or intermediate risk individuals, Apo B level is desirable to be around 100mg/dL, and in high risk individuals (such as those with CVD or diabetes) it should be less than 80mg/dL.

This test is performed in following conditions such as:

• Increased level of LDL or total cholesterol
• Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (for example: obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, significant family history of cardiovascular disease)
• Suspect to have abetalipoproteinemia or hypobetalipoproteinemia (congenital, because Apo B is coded by Apo B gene)

Also Known As: Apo B